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The intensifying conflict between Israel and Iran is forcing European airlines into increasingly narrow and congested flight corridors, further complicating global aviation routes already constrained by Russian airspace closures since the onset of the Ukraine war.

Major carriers including Air France-KLM, Lufthansa, and Wizz Air have joined over 150 airlines worldwide in either cancelling or rerouting flights following sudden closures of airspace over Israel, Iraq, and Jordan, according to the Financial Times. The latest restrictions arrive at a particularly vulnerable moment for the aviation sector, which is still absorbing the shock of a fatal Boeing 787 Dreamliner crash involving Air India that claimed over 270 lives last week.

"The Air India [crash] happened and literally a day later the war started," said Steve Trent, an airline analyst with Citigroup. "Things just keep piling up."

Europe’s Flight Corridors Shrink Further

European airlines, already forced to navigate around Russian territory to reach East Asia, now face even tighter restrictions as new no-fly zones emerge across the Middle East. The combination has left carriers with minimal safe airspace for long-haul flights, reported The Financial Express.

"We already fly around Russia, so it does make it very challenging," the report said citing a person familiar with the operations of a major European airline. The source described the available international flight routes as "a really tiny corridor."

Lufthansa reported that its flights from Frankfurt and Munich to East Asian destinations are now being rerouted, resulting in delays that can extend up to an hour. Meanwhile, Air France-KLM and others have chosen to avoid northern Saudi Arabian airspace altogether due to mounting security risks, further limiting their routing options.

Fuel Costs Surge as Detours Lengthen Flights

The need to divert long-haul flights not only extends travel times but also drives up fuel consumption at a time when energy prices are already rising. Brent crude has surged about 8 per cent since last Thursday, reaching $70.80 per barrel. With jet fuel prices climbing, airlines are seeing their profit margins squeezed further, especially as longer routes may require additional refuelling stops or crew changes.

Flight tracking data from Flightradar24 indicates that airspace over Iran, Iraq, and Syria has largely been vacated. Flights are now funnelling through southern Saudi Arabia and Egypt. The data also reveals that over 3,000 flights have been cancelled daily in the region since the conflict escalated.

Middle East Airlines Hit Hard as Routes Disappear

Carriers based in the Gulf, such as Emirates and Qatar Airways, have been particularly affected. These airlines, which typically operate over 100 flights daily through Iranian and Iraqi skies, now face significant operational disruptions. These Middle Eastern routes have long been critical for both passenger and freight movement between East and West.

As instability persists, industry experts predict the situation could worsen. Some airlines are already considering adjustments to flight planning, including potential fuel stops and crew rotations, in anticipation of further airspace closures.

The current crisis adds to years of growing geopolitical turmoil that have increasingly reshaped international aviation. Once-stable long-haul flight paths have become patchworks of detours, with growing operational costs and complexity.

“A headache is colossal," observed air travel analyst John Strickland. "Anything that requires a rerouting is expensive—and this is a busy part of the country."

With ongoing tensions in both the Middle East and Eastern Europe, global airlines appear destined to navigate persistent logistical hurdles and financial pressures for the foreseeable future.